For Unit 1 students will study the Origins of the Weimar Republic in the aftermath of the First World War. As part of this study students look at the early challneges, the reaction of the Treaty of Versailles along with its Golden Years under Stresemann. As part of these years students study the impact on culture and society. For Unit 2 students will study the early developments of the Nazi Party and their failed attempt at the Munich Putsch which lead to the Lean Years. We end this unit by following the growth of Nazi support after the Wall Street Crash and how this enabled Hitler to climb to power and establish his role as Chancellor.
Students will complete both an end of unit 1 exam and an end of unit 2 exam.
Abdication
A leader, like a king or queen, giving up their throne or position.
Communist
Communism is an extreme form of government, in which representatives of the workers set up a government and take over ownership of all the land, property and resources in the country. It is often associated with Germany's enemy Russia.
Constitution
The rules which set out how a country is run.
Trade Unions
Groups of workers formed to protect the rights and interests of workers in various occupations.
Electorate
People who are allowed to vote in an election.
Left Wing
These groups wanted Germany to be controlled by the people. They opposed capitalism and wanted to abolish private ownership of land and business and put them in the hands of the workers.
Extreme Right Wing
These groups wanted a return to a strong government, with a strong army, headed by powerful leader, like the Kaiser (German king). They supported capitalism - private ownership of land and business.
Treaty of Versailles
The allied leaders decided the peace terms after World war One and with it, Germany's fate. It included items such as the War Guilt Clause and reparations that Germany was to pay.
Kaiser
German word for king. Up until just after the First World War Germany was led by Kaiser Wilhelm I who abdicated at the end of the war due to vast public pressure. He fled to Holland.
Dolchstoss
The German's view of the guilt clause signed as part of the Treaty of Versailles, which many Germans viewed as a 'stab in the back'by the new Weimar government.
Hyperinflation
The extreme inflation (increase) of food prices, goods, loans. This was caused as a result of the German banks printing more money which made it less valuable.
Stresemann
German chancellor and foreign secretary from 1923. He resigned as chancellor that year but remained foreign secretary until 1929.
Rentenmark
Money issued by the newly established Rentenbank under Stresemann. The supply of notes was prohibited in order to deal with the 1923 hyperinflation crisis.
Dawes Plan
Created in 1924, through negotiations between Stresemann and the US banker Charles Dawes. It temporarily reduced reparations to £50 million per year along with ensuring $25 billion worth of loans from the US to German industries between 1924-1930.
The Young Plan
Signed in 1929, it reduced the amount of reparations owed to £2 billion and Germany was given a further 59 years to pay.
Propaganda
A way of controlling public attitudes. Propaganda uses things like newspapers, posters, radio and film to put ideas in to people's minds and therefore shape attitudes.
Nationalism
A political outlook in which all policies are organised to make the nation stronger and more independent.
Socialism
A political outlook which stresses that a country's land, industries and wealth should all belong to the workers of that country.
Paramilitary force
A private group run like a military force. The SA are an example of this.
The SA (Sturmabteilung)
Sturmabteilung, or storm troopers, were another way that Hitler kept control of his party. They were formed in 1921 and were a paramilitary force.
Munich Putsch
Hitler launched a revolt to try and overthrow the Weimar Republic. It is often called the Beer Hall Putsch and took place in 1923.
NSDAP
The Nazi Party. It was originally called the DAP (the German Workers Party).
Putsch
A violent uprising intended to overthrow existing leaders.
SS (Schutzstaffel)
The SS was established in 1925 as a result of Hitler's distrust of the SA. Hitler created the SS as a security group. It was smaller than the SA and made up of carefully selected members whom were trusted by Hitler.
The Wall Street Crash
The Wall Street Crash took place in 1929, which saw the US stock market crash. As a result, the USA fell in to an economic crisis and therefore demanded their loans to be repaid by Germany. This led to an economic depression in Germany as a result.
Real Wages
A measure which reflects not the actual monetary value of wages but the buying power of wages.
Develop the individual:
Students look at how societies voice concern over leadership and also demand change. Students become aware of how leadership is challenged and how a demand for change does not necessarily result in the rise of beneficial parties.
Create a supportive community:
Students look at the need to appropriately raise concerns and question actions.
In Unit 3 students look at the creation of Hitler's Nazi dictatorship and how he was able to consolidate and maintain power through the use of fear, terror and propaganda. Students finish the course with Unit 4 by studying life in Nazi Germany and the changes Hitler made to roles for both genders and its anti-semitic undertone that saw the mass persecution of minority groups such as Jews and gypsies.
End of Unit 3 Exam
End of Unit 4 Exam
Mock exam to cover Units 1-4
Trade Unions
Groups of workers formed to protect the rights and interests of workers in various occupations.
Reichstag
The German houses of parliament
The Enabling Act
In March 1033, Hitler proposed the Enabling Act to the Reichstag. The law changed the constitution, giving Hitler the right to make laws for four years without the consent of the Reichstag.
Night of Long Knives
Hitler arranged to remove the threat of Rohm and the SA. On the 30th June 1934, Hitler arranged to meet Rohm and other senior SA officers. When they arrived, Rohm and other senior officers of the SA were arrested, imprisoned and shot.
Hindenburg
The president of Germany from 1925-1934. He was very popular with the people of Germany, He also despised Hitler and until his death was the only person senior to Hitler who could remove him.
SD (Sicherheitsdienst)
It was originally formed in 1931 by Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, as a security force for the Nazi Party to monitor its opponents. They kept a record of every person suspected of opposing the Nazi Party. They were kept at Nazi Headquarters.
The Gestapo
Hitler's non uniformed secret police force. They were set up in 1933 by Hermann Goering. However, in 1934, it was placed under SS control. Their main aim was to identify anyone who opposed the Nazis using wire taps, phone taps and informants.
Concentration Camps
People were imprisoned for doing things that opposed the Nazis. The camps housed; undesirables (prostitues, homosexuals), minority groups such as Jews, political prisoners (intellectuals, communists or political writers).
The Reich Church
Protestant churches who favoured the Nazis combined to become the Reich Church. They were led by Ludwig Muller. They would preach Nazi ideology, display swastikas in their churches and excluded Jews from being baptised.
Joseph Goebbels
Goebbels was Hitler's propaganda minister and most trusted advisor.
Censorship
Censorship involves banning information or ideas. It sometimes involves banning the vehicles for delivering ideas, such a s newspapers, posters, radio and film, to put ideas in to people's minds and therefore shape attitudes.
Edelweiss Pirates
The pirates consisted of teenagers - both boys and girls, but mainly boys - who resented military discipline of the Nazi youth groups and general lack of freedom in Nazi Germany.
The Swing Youth
Mainly teenagers from the wealthy middle-class families, located in big towns, especially Berlin, Hamburg and Kiel. They admired American culture, such as American clothes, films and especially music.
The Mother's Cross
This encouraged childbirth in Nazi Germany. It was an award given to women for the number of children they had: bronze for four or five children, silver for six or seven and gold for eight. These were given as medals.
Lebensborn
A programme to encourage childbirth. This was started in 1935 by the SS leader, Heinrich Himler. It focused on the breeding of genetically pure aryans.
Aryan
The Nazi views of a true race made up of men and women with blond hair and blue eyes.
Hitler Youth
Members were teenagers and had to swear an oath of loyalty to their Fuhrer. They were trained physically and taught political legislation that was pro Nazi. They were encouraged to report anyone; teachers, parents, friends who opposed the regime.
Fuhrer
German name for leader.
League of German Maidens
Youth group for girls. They carried out political activities and also trained to cook, iron, make beds, sew and generally prepare for house wife duties.
Curriculum
Refers to the educational content taught in schools. The Nazis used the curriculum to promote Nazism and teach anti-semitic beliefs.
Anti-Semitic
Someone who is hostile to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews
Labour Service (RAD)
RAD is the Nazis national labour service. It provided paid work for the unemployed. They would be employed to repair roads, plant trees, drain marshes. It was originally voluntary and then became compulsory and was not popular.
Rearmament
Hitler's push with building up Germany's armed forces through hiring more soldiers, building more ships and opening more munitions factories.
Autobahn
A dual carriage motorway.
This was the Nazis motorway project. It was a planned 7,000 mile network of dual carriageway roads to improve transport around Germany.
Labour Front (DAF)
Hitler banned trade unions and replaced it with the DAF IN 1933. It protected the rights of workers in the workplace, gave a maximum working week and minimum pay.
Strength through Joy (KdF)
Hitler set this up to avoid the backlash from banning trade unions. It aimed to improve the living conditions of workers. The purpose was to make the benefits of work more enjoyable, so that Germans would see their work as their path to a happy life.
Eugenics
Nazi eugenics was Nazi Germany's racially based social policies that placed the biological improvement of the Aryan race or 'master race'.
Racial Hygiene
Eugenics is about selecting the best parents from any race, the aryan race according to the Nazis. They taught through school and propaganda that aryans should only reproduce with other aryans to make their offspring 'pure'.
Persecution
Hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs; oppression.
Nuremburg Laws (1935)
These were laws passed by the Nazi Party that dehumanized and removed citizenship from minority groups such as the Jews.
Develop the individual:
Students study the control of society through government policy. They look at how views are shaped by influences such as education, employment and media.
Create a supportive community:
Students look at the need to be free thinkers who are open to honest and frank discussions.
Students will undertake final revision of key units and will sit their exams during the final half term.
End of Unit 16 mark exam: 4 mark feature, 8 mark NOPOU, 4 mark follow up.
MOCK GCSE Exam: Units 1-5 will be covered worth 52 marks.
Nature
What a source is, for example, a newspaper, diary, report, census.
Provenance
Where a source comes from - who made it, when and why (the NOP part of exam structure - nature, origin, purpose).
Watch Committee
A group of local politicians or law professionals set up to monitor the work of police forces.
Memoir
An individual's account of his or her life. It may be based on diaries and other records, or on memories.
Sanitation
Conditions associated with public health, such as running water and sewerage systems.
The Peabody Estate
The estate was one of the new blocks of flats that replaced slum dwellings and narrow streets in the Whitechapel area.
Poor Relief
The system of giving benefits to the poor.
Pogrom
A Russian word describing a government-supported attack on Jews.
Anarchy
A political movement that opposes all forms of organised government.
Socialist
Someone who believes that poor people would get a better deal if the government nationalised (took over) important industries and services and ran them for the good of all - not for profit.
Capitalist
Someone who believes individuals should be free to own property and businesses to make a profit.
Sensationalist
Describing events in a deliberately exaggerated style to shock or impress.
Satirical
Using Humour or exaggeration to mock current events.
Stereotyping
Assuming all members of a group are alike - for example, looking similar, or having similar views.
Prostitute
A person who offers sexual activity in return for payment.
Brothel
A house where one or more prostitutes work.
Lunatics
In Victorian times this was used to describe people with serious psychological disorders.
Post Mortem
A detailed examination of a person's body to try and discover the cause of death.
Alibi
Proof that an accused person was in some other place at the time a crime was committed.
Lunatic Asylum
The Victorian term for a psychiatric hospital.
Forensic
Using scientific methods and techniques to investigate crime.
Mug shot
A head-and-shoulders photograph, typically taken of a person after arrest.
Develop the individual:
Students look at how the modern police struggled in their early years with out the use of forensics, cameras and clear lighting that we take for granted today to keep us safe and maintain law and order.
Create a supportive community:
Students look at how society was not always welcoming of outsiders to the areas. Students learn the necessity of this especially within their school community.